Using Airplane Space Efficiently

Worksheets

Grades6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12Physics, Mathematics, Engineering

Scientist Reviewed

Provided by NASA

Open Resource

What it is

In this resource, students will practice calculating area and volume to illustrate the difference in efficiency between old and new airplane overhead compartments.
Students will compare old and new overhead compartments by calculating their respective volumes and evaluating the best method of placing suitcases for maximum space usage.

Teaching tips

Positives

This lesson has relevance to a real-life issue and shows how mathematical concepts can be used to provide solutions
This activity enables students to use critical thinking and find solutions.

Prerequisites

Students need to be familiar with the formula for calculating the volume of regular objects.
Students in regions that don't use imperial systems for measurement may need help to convert the measurements to metric.

Differentiation & Implementation

Students can identify space optimization in other contexts, like the school bus and classroom, and suggest possible solutions.
Economics students can link this to cost-benefit analysis. This can also be linked to fuel energy efficiency in vehicles and how it can be achieved through engineering and design.
Students can also share any experiences they had while traveling and discuss if this is an issue worth changing compartments for or not. They can discuss the effects it may have on other aspects like comfort or fuel consumption.

From the scientist review

This resource tasks students with analyzing how best to use airplane overhead compartment space, comparing old and new designs along with luggage orientation. The worksheets engage students in optimization, a critical part of engineering design, while still remaining accessible to most students by focusing on simple geometry and illustrating with clear drawings and text. This resource is recommended for teaching.

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At a glance

Grades: 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
Subjects: Physics, Mathematics, Engineering
Other types: Lesson Plans, Assessments, Activity - Classroom
Format: PDF
Language: English
Location: Earth
Provider: NASA
Authors: NASA
Published: July 2, 2024
Last updated: July 16, 2026
: Reviewed by our climate scientists How we review

Standards alignment · CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.11-12.4 + 8 more

Core

Common Core English Language Arts Standards (CCSS.ELA)

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.11-12.4Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative, connotative, and technical meanings; analyze how an author uses and refines the meaning of a key term or terms over the course of a text (e.g., how Madison defines faction in Federalist No. 10).

Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS)

HS-ETS1-B.2.Both physical models and computers can be used in various ways to aid in the engineering design process. Computers are useful for a variety of purposes, such as running simulations to test different ways of solving a problem or to see which one is most efficient or economical; and in making a persuasive presentation to a client about how a given design will meet his or her needs. (secondary to HS-LS4-6)

New Jersey Climate Education Hub

English Language Arts

RL.MF.6.6Compare and contrast information or texts to develop a coherent understanding of a theme, topic, or issue when reading a story, drama, or poem to listening to or viewing an audio, video, or live version of the text.

Mathematics

6.G.A.2Find the volume of a right rectangular prism with fractional edge lengths by packing it with unit cubes of the appropriate unit fraction edge lengths, and show that the volume is the same as would be found by multiplying the edge lengths of the prism. Apply the formulas V = l w h and V = B h to find volumes of right rectangular prisms with fractional edge lengths in the context of solving real-world and mathematical problems.
7.G.B.6Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving area, volume and surface area of two- and three-dimensional objects composed of triangles, quadrilaterals, polygons, cubes, and right prisms.
HSG.MG.A.3Apply geometric methods to solve design problems (e.g., designing an object or structure to satisfy physical constraints or minimize cost; working with typographic grid systems based on ratios).

Science

MS-ETS1-1.Define the criteria and constraints of a design problem with sufficient precision to ensure a successful solution, taking into account relevant scientific principles and potential impacts on people and the natural environment that may limit possible solutions.
MS-ETS1-2.Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem.
HS-ETS1-3.Evaluate a solution to a complex real-world problem based on prioritized criteria and trade-offs that account for a range of constraints, including cost, safety, reliability, and aesthetics, as well as possible social, cultural, and environmental impacts.

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What it is

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